9th graders are required to follow the National Examination (formerly Ebtanas) that affect students' graduation. Junior high school graduates can continue their education at upper secondary school or vocational high school (or equivalent).
Junior high school students are generally aged 13-15 years. In Indonesia, every citizen aged 7-15 years of compulsory primary education followed, namely primary school (or equivalent) 6 years and junior high school (or equivalent) 3 years.
Secondary schools run by government or private. Since implementation of regional autonomy in 2001, the management of junior high schools in Indonesia that were previously under the Ministry of National Education, is now the responsibility of local government districts. While the Ministry of National Education is only a role as regulator in the field of national education standards. Structurally, the first public secondary school is a technical implementation unit of education service districts.
In some countries, SMP serves as a bridge between elementary school to high school. But the term can be used differently in different countries, sometimes inversely proportional to each other. For countries that use the Chinese language, especially in China, Taiwan and Hong Kong, also in Italy (= scuola media), connotes the same junior secondary school.
Therefore in some of the terms in government and educational institutions, secondary school, another name of "junior high school", which is basically a school after primary school. Naming as a junior high started to appear around 1909 in time for schools of Indianola Junior High School in Columbus, Ohio. [1] sedangan naming the middle school concept was introduced in 1950 from Bay City, Michigan
